The ABSOLUTE VALUE |x| of a real number x is the positive distance between 0 and the number on the number line.
An ANGLE is a set of points consisting of a point P (the vertex) and two rays extending from P.
The amount of two-dimensional surface occupied by a geometric figure is its AREA.
The BASE is the number that is a repeated factor when written with an exponent.
The COMMON DENOMINATOR of two or more fractions is any common multiple of their denominators.
Two angles whose measures add up to 90í are COMPLEMENTARY.
A natural number (except 1) which has natural number factors other than itself and 1 is COMPOSITE. That is, a number which is non-prime is composite.
When we use DEDUCTIVE REASONING, we reason logically from general rules to conclude something about a particular case.
The DENOMINATOR of a fraction is the number below the fraction bar.
A DIVISOR is a number which is divided into another number.
An EQUATION is a statement that two algebraic expressions are equal.
Two fractions are EQUIVALENT if they are equal. Equivalent fractions may have different numerators and denominators from each other.
A natural number EXPONENT is a number that indicates how many times a base is used as a factor.
An ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSION is a collection of numbers, variables, symbols for operations, and symbols for grouping (such as parentheses).
If aÑb = c, then a and b are called FACTORS of c.
A FRACTION is the quotient of a natural number (the numerator) divided by any nonzero natural number (the denominator).
GROUPING SYMBOLS, such as parentheses and brackets, indicate the order in which operations should be performed.
When we use INDUCTIVE REASONING, we find a pattern common to many particular examples, and then we propose the pattern as a general rule.
The set of IRRATIONAL numbers is {x|x is a real number that is not rational}. Irrational numbers cannot be written as fractions with integer numerators and denominators.
An ISOSCELES triangle is a triangle that has two equal sides.
JUXTAPOSITION is the placement of two algebraic symbols next to each other to imply multiplication. For example, 3x means three times x.
A fraction is in LOWEST TERMS when the numerator and denominator have no factors in common, other than 1.
The MAGNITUDE of a real number is the same as its absolute value.
MULTIPLICATION is an operation on the real numbers, symbolized in algebra by a dot (Ñ) or by juxtaposition. For example, 3Ñ5 = 15.
The set of NATURAL NUMBERS is {1,2,3,4,...}.
The numbers to the left of 0 on the number line are NEGATIVE numbers. The set of negative whole numbers is {-1, -2, -3, -4,...}.
The NUMBER LINE is a directed line segment, usually with 0 in the middle, with (labeled) points for the positive numbers to the right, and (labeled) points for the negative numbers to the left.
The NUMERATOR of a fraction is the number above the fraction bar.
The OPPOSITE of a real number x is its additive inverse, -x. For any real number x, x+ (-x) = 0.
A PARALLELOGRAM is a four-sided geometric figure whose opposite sides are parallel.
The PERIMETER of a two-dimensional figure is the length of its boundary.
The numbers to the right of 0 on a number line are POSITIVE numbers.
The numerical value (╥natural form╙) of an exponential expression is a POWER of the base.
A factor of a natural number which is a prime number is called a PRIME FACTOR of the number.
A natural number (except 1) is PRIME if it has only itself and 1 as natural number factors.
The result of multiplying two or more numbers or variables is the PRODUCT of the numbers or variables.
The set of RATIONAL numbers is {x|x is a quotient of integers, with the denominator not 0}.
The set of REAL numbers is {x|x is a number that can be represented by a point on the number line}.
The RECIPROCAL of a nonzero real number x is its multiplicative inverse, 1/x. For any nonzero real number x, xÑ(1/x) = 1.
A RECTANGLE is a four-sided geometric figure whose opposite sides are parallel, and whose angles are all right angles.
REDUCE a fraction to lower terms by writing an equivalent fraction whose numerator and denominator have smaller magnitudes.
A RIGHT ANGLE is an angle whose measure is 90í. A right angle makes a ╥square╙ corner.
A SQUARE is a four-sided geometric figure whose opposite sides are equal and parallel, and whose angles are all right angles.
A STRAIGHT ANGLE is an angle whose measure is 180í.
SUBTRACTION is an operation on the real numbers, symbolized in algebra by a dash (-). For example, 10 - 3 = 7.
Two angles whose measures add up to 180í are SUPPLEMENTARY.
A TRAPEZOID is a four-sided geometric figure with just two of its opposite sides parallel.
A TRIANGLE is a three-sided geometric figure.
A VARIABLE is a symbol, usually a letter, such as x, y, or z, used to represent any unknown number.
